Basic knowledge of TCM acupuncture and moxibustion
1. Acupuncture and moxibustion: It is a discipline that studies meridians, acupoints and acupuncture moxibustion methods under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory, and discusses the rules of applying acupuncture and moxibustion to prevent and cure diseases. The contents include meridians, acupoints, acupuncture techniques and clinical treatment. The basic contents of acupuncture and moxibustion: acupuncture theory, acupuncture and moxibustion technology, acupuncture and moxibustion clinical application
1. Meridians are the channels that run qi and blood in the human body, including meridians and choroids. "Jing" is the trunk of the straight line, the meaning of the path, the meridians through the upper and lower, communication inside and outside; "Network" is the branch of the side, the meaning of the network, smaller than the meridians, criss-cross, all over the body.
2 The meridians system is composed of meridians and choroidal veins. It is a system composed of meridians and choroidal veins connecting with each other and connecting with each other. Twelve meridians, eight strange meridians, twelve different meridians, sinew, skin, fifteen complexions, floating collaterals, Sun collaterals. The name of the twelve meridians consists of three parts: hands and feet, Yin and Yang, and Zang-fu organs.
3, the distribution law of the twelve meridians hand and foot Yang channel for Yang Ming in front, Shaoyang in the middle, the sun behind; The hands and feet Yin channel is Taiyin in front, Jueyin in the middle and Shaoyin in the back. The three Yin channels below 8 inches of the medial ankle of the foot are Jueyin in front, Taiyin in the middle, Shaoyin in behind, to the medial ankle above 8 inches, and Taiyin is surrendered before Jueyin. 4, Yin channel belongs to the viscera, Yang channel belongs to the viscera viscera.
5, the law of the twelve meridians: the general law of the direction of the line: the three Yin channels of the hand walk from the chest, the three Yang channels of the hand walk from the hand to the head, the three Yang channels of the foot walk from the head, and the three Yin channels of the foot walk from the chest to the abdomen. Follow the law of handover: Yin meridian and Yang meridian in the hand and foot end handover, Yang meridian and Yang meridian of the same name in the head and face handover, and Yin meridian and Yin meridian in the chest handover.
6 Odd channel eight pulse including Du pulse, Ren pulse, Chong pulse, belt pulse, Yin wei pulse, Yang Wei pulse, Yin qiao pulse, Yang Qiao pulse. The eight channels of the governor pulse, chong pulse, any pulse are from the cell, with the perineum, respectively follow the front and back of the human body median line and both sides of the abdomen, so called "one source three Qi". The Du pulse is "the sea of Yang pulse"; Ren pulse is the "sea of Yin pulse"; Chong pulse is the "sea of twelve channels", also known as "Sea of blood". Function: the leading role of the commander, the role of communication, the role of storage irrigation regulation.
7 The 15 choroidal veins, the twelve channels of the limbs, strengthen the meaning between the twelve meridians.
8, "root knot" : refers to the rise and return of Qi, reflecting the relationship between the upper and lower levels of qi.
"Root" refers to the root, the beginning, that is, the well hole at the end of the limbs; "Knot" means "knot together, boil down, that is, head, chest, abdomen." "Four roots and three knots" means that the twelve meridians take the limbs as "roots" and the head, chest and abdomen as "knots".
9. Acupoint: It is a special part of the body where the gas of the viscera and meridians is injected into the body surface. Acupoints are the general name of acupoints; Transfusion point is a special name for the third acupoint in the five transfusion points; Shu point refers to the specific back Shu point. Shu, the meaning of transfusion transfer, points, pores, orifices, depressions.
10, fourteen meridian points: refers to a fixed name and location, and belongs to the fourteen meridians (twelve proper and Ren, Du) system of acupoints. Odd points: refers to points that have a fixed name and a clear position, but have not been classified or inconvenient to be classified into the fourteen meridians system. It is also known as "strange points". A Shi point: It refers to a kind of acupoint that has neither fixed name nor fixed position, but uses tenderness point or diseased area or other reaction point as the acupuncture operation site.
11, the main characteristics of acupoints: near treatment, far treatment and special effects.
12, five acupoints twelve meridians distributed in the elbow, knee below the five specific points, namely Jing, Xingyang, Sha, Jing, he, called "five acupoints"; Five losses for short. "Jing" means valley well, a metaphor for the spring of the valley, is the source of water, distributed at the end of the finger or toe. Xingyang means small water, a spring water that just emerged, distributed in the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joint. "Meridian" means wide and unobstructed, mostly located in the forearm and shin above the wrist and ankle joint. "Together" has the meaning of confluence, metaphor river water confluence into the sea, located near the elbow knee.
13, the original point viscera original gas infusion, through and stay in the twelve meridians of the point, known as the original point, also known as the twelve original. Main zang-fu disease.
14, collaterals from the meridians fifteen complexions each have 1 point, called collaterals, or "fifteen collaterals". The disease of outward appearance and inner meridian
15, Xi point twelve meridians and eight odd meridians in the Yin Qiao, Yang qiao, Yin Wei, Yang Wei of the meridian qi deep gathering part, called "Xi position". "There are 16 points in Xi, treating emergencies, Yin channel treating blood syndrome, Yang channel treating pain syndrome
16, back Shu point viscera gas infusion in the back waist, called "back shu point", also known as "Shu point"
17, Mu point of the viscera Qi gathered in the chest and abdomen, called "mu point", also known as "abdomen mu point".
18, under the six fu-fu qi in the lower extremities of the three Yang meridian, called "under the point", also known as "six fu-fu under the point". Stomach, large intestine, small intestine, gallbladder, bladder, three jiao: Zusanli, upper Juxu, lower Juxu, Yanglingquan, Weizhong, Weiyang.
19, eight points viscera, fu-organs, qi, blood, tendons, veins, bones, marrow and other meridians gathered 8 points, called eight points. Viscera Zhangmen, fu Zhongwan, gas will Shanzhong, blood will phishu, tendons will Yanglingquan, vein will be too deep, bone will be big wood to, marrow will be bone.
20, the horizontal finger with the same body inch so that patients will index finger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger together, with the middle finger transverse grain as the standard, the width of its four fingers as 3 inches, also known as "the method of"
21, acupuncture positions mainly include these positions: supine position (head, chest, abdomen and upper extremities), lateral position (body Shaoyang channel and upper extremities), prone position (head and spine, back of the lower extremity, part of the upper extremity point), supine position (front face and neck), prone position (back of the head), side sitting position (head side, cheek, ear and back part of the point)
22, single hand into the needle method, needle tube into the needle method, both hands into the needle method: ¢Ù finger cutting into the needle method ¢Ú clamping into the needle method ¢Û diastolic into the needle method ¢Ü lift and pinch into the needle method
23, the basic methods of needle manipulation: lifting and inserting method, twisting method: auxiliary method: method of elastic scraping method shaking method tremor method:
24 Qi: ancient known as "qi to", near also known as "needle feeling", refers to the needle into a certain depth of the point, with lifting, twisting and other needle techniques, so that the acupuncture site to obtain Qi induction. The acupuncture sites of patients have self-conscious reactions such as acid swelling and numbness, and sometimes there are sensations such as heat, cold, itching, and twitching ants, or the phenomenon of conduction and diffusion along a certain direction and site. Doctors can also experience the reaction of needle sinking tight, stagnation or needle body trembling
25, one-hand replenishing and draining technique twist to supplement and draining, lifting and inserting supplementing and draining (heavy insertion and light lifting and supplementing method; Light insertion and heavy lifting and reducing method) rapid and gradual replenishing and reducing (emphasis on gradual exhalation), following replenishing and reducing, breathing replenishing and reducing, opening and closing replenishing and leveling replenishing
26, acupuncture dizziness causes: the patient's physical weakness, mental tension, or fatigue, hunger, sweating, diarrhea, massive bleeding or improper posture, or when the doctor in the acupuncture manipulation is too heavy, and caused by acupuncture or needle retention process.
Symptoms: Sudden mental fatigue, dizziness, pale face, nausea and vomiting, excessive sweating, palpitation, cold limbs. Blood pressure drops, pulse is thin, delirious, falls to the ground, lip nail is blue, bowel incontinence, pulse is thin to die.
Treatment: Immediately stop the acupuncture and pull out all the needles, let the patient lie flat and keep warm, lie on his back for a while, and drink warm water or boiled sugar
Heavy on the basis of the above treatment, can stab into the people, Suliao, Neiguan, Zusanli, moxibustion Baihui, Guanyuan, Qi Hai and other points
27, the reason for needle delay: the patient's mental tension, when the acupuncture into the acupoint, the patient's local muscle contraction; Or the needle is not correct, and the needle is twisted too much in a single direction, so that the muscle tissue winds the needle body to form a stagnant needle. If the needle is left for too long, it can sometimes lead to needle stagnation.
Phenomenon: Needle in the body, twist can not move, lifting and inserting, out of the needle are difficult, if forced to twist the lifting and inserting, the patient can not bear the pain.
Treatment: If the patient is nervous and the local muscles contract excessively, the needle retention time can be slightly extended, or the needle can be pressed or clasped near the point, the needle can be twisted back in the opposite direction, and the method of scraping and flicking the handle can be used to release the wound muscle fibers
28 The role of moxibustion method: ¢Ù warming the meridian to dissipate cold ¢Ú Fuyang Gutuo ¢Û eliminating stasis to dissipate ¢Ü disease prevention and health care 5 heat laymen
29 Indirect moxibustion 1 There are moxibustion on ginger (vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, wind-cold and dampness caused by cold, external symptoms), moxibustion on garlic (which can be used to treat scrofula, tuberculosis and initial swelling and other diseases, and has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification and killing insects), and moxibustion on salt (which has the effect of returning Yang, saving reverse, and curing dehydration, cold diarrhea, vomiting, dysentery, and adverse urination, etc.). Apoplectic syndrome), ¢Ü isolated aconite cake moxibustion (impotence and premature ejaculation caused by the decline of life gate fire, spermatogenesis, palace cold infertility, sores and ulcers can not be healed)
30 1 Cupping method: flash method, fire throwing method, cotton paste method. 2 water tank method, 3 pumping method.
31 Distribution of auricular points: Points corresponding to the head and face are located in the earlobe, points corresponding to the upper limbs are located in the ear boat, points suitable for the trunk and lower limbs are located in the body of the opposite ear wheel, on the opposite ear wheel and on the lower foot, points corresponding to the internal organs are concentrated in the ear nail, ear points corresponding to the ear nose and throat are distributed around the tragus, ear points corresponding to the abdominal organs are distributed in the ear nail boat, and ear points corresponding to the chest are distributed in the ear nail cavity. Auricular points corresponding to the digestive tract are distributed around the foot of the ear wheel.